langchain_community.vectorstores.pgembedding.PGEmbedding

class langchain_community.vectorstores.pgembedding.PGEmbedding(connection_string: str, embedding_function: Embeddings, collection_name: str = 'langchain', collection_metadata: Optional[dict] = None, pre_delete_collection: bool = False, logger: Optional[Logger] = None)[source]

Postgres with the pg_embedding extension as a vector store.

pg_embedding uses sequential scan by default. but you can create a HNSW index using the create_hnsw_index method. - connection_string is a postgres connection string. - embedding_function any embedding function implementing

langchain.embeddings.base.Embeddings interface.

  • collection_name is the name of the collection to use. (default: langchain)
    • NOTE: This is not the name of the table, but the name of the collection.

      The tables will be created when initializing the store (if not exists) So, make sure the user has the right permissions to create tables.

  • distance_strategy is the distance strategy to use. (default: EUCLIDEAN)

    • EUCLIDEAN is the euclidean distance.

  • pre_delete_collection if True, will delete the collection if it exists.

    (default: False) - Useful for testing.

Attributes

embeddings

Access the query embedding object if available.

Methods

__init__(connection_string, embedding_function)

aadd_documents(documents, **kwargs)

Run more documents through the embeddings and add to the vectorstore.

aadd_texts(texts[, metadatas])

Run more texts through the embeddings and add to the vectorstore.

add_documents(documents, **kwargs)

Run more documents through the embeddings and add to the vectorstore.

add_embeddings(texts, embeddings, metadatas, ...)

add_texts(texts[, metadatas, ids])

Run more texts through the embeddings and add to the vectorstore.

adelete([ids])

Delete by vector ID or other criteria.

afrom_documents(documents, embedding, **kwargs)

Return VectorStore initialized from documents and embeddings.

afrom_texts(texts, embedding[, metadatas])

Return VectorStore initialized from texts and embeddings.

amax_marginal_relevance_search(query[, k, ...])

Return docs selected using the maximal marginal relevance.

amax_marginal_relevance_search_by_vector(...)

Return docs selected using the maximal marginal relevance.

as_retriever(**kwargs)

Return VectorStoreRetriever initialized from this VectorStore.

asearch(query, search_type, **kwargs)

Return docs most similar to query using specified search type.

asimilarity_search(query[, k])

Return docs most similar to query.

asimilarity_search_by_vector(embedding[, k])

Return docs most similar to embedding vector.

asimilarity_search_with_relevance_scores(query)

Return docs and relevance scores in the range [0, 1], asynchronously.

asimilarity_search_with_score(*args, **kwargs)

Run similarity search with distance asynchronously.

connect()

create_collection()

create_hnsw_extension()

create_hnsw_index([max_elements, dims, m, ...])

create_tables_if_not_exists()

delete([ids])

Delete by vector ID or other criteria.

delete_collection()

drop_tables()

from_documents(documents, embedding[, ...])

Return VectorStore initialized from documents and embeddings.

from_embeddings(text_embeddings, embedding)

from_existing_index(embedding[, ...])

from_texts(texts, embedding[, metadatas, ...])

Return VectorStore initialized from texts and embeddings.

get_collection(session)

get_connection_string(kwargs)

max_marginal_relevance_search(query[, k, ...])

Return docs selected using the maximal marginal relevance.

max_marginal_relevance_search_by_vector(...)

Return docs selected using the maximal marginal relevance.

search(query, search_type, **kwargs)

Return docs most similar to query using specified search type.

similarity_search(query[, k, filter])

Return docs most similar to query.

similarity_search_by_vector(embedding[, k, ...])

Return docs most similar to embedding vector.

similarity_search_with_relevance_scores(query)

Return docs and relevance scores in the range [0, 1].

similarity_search_with_score(query[, k, filter])

Run similarity search with distance.

similarity_search_with_score_by_vector(embedding)

Parameters

  • connection_string (str) –

  • embedding_function (Embeddings) –

  • collection_name (str) –

  • collection_metadata (Optional[dict]) –

  • pre_delete_collection (bool) –

  • logger (Optional[logging.Logger]) –

__init__(connection_string: str, embedding_function: Embeddings, collection_name: str = 'langchain', collection_metadata: Optional[dict] = None, pre_delete_collection: bool = False, logger: Optional[Logger] = None) → None[source]
Parameters

  • connection_string (str) –

  • embedding_function (Embeddings) –

  • collection_name (str) –

  • collection_metadata (Optional[dict]) –

  • pre_delete_collection (bool) –

  • logger (Optional[Logger]) –

Return type

None

async aadd_documents(documents: List[Document], **kwargs: Any) → List[str]

Run more documents through the embeddings and add to the vectorstore.

Parameters

  • (List[Document] (documents) – Documents to add to the vectorstore.

  • documents (List[Document]) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Returns

List of IDs of the added texts.

Return type

List[str]

async aadd_texts(texts: Iterable[str], metadatas: Optional[List[dict]] = None, **kwargs: Any) → List[str]

Run more texts through the embeddings and add to the vectorstore.

Parameters

  • texts (Iterable[str]) –

  • metadatas (Optional[List[dict]]) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Return type

List[str]

add_documents(documents: List[Document], **kwargs: Any) → List[str]

Run more documents through the embeddings and add to the vectorstore.

Parameters

  • (List[Document] (documents) – Documents to add to the vectorstore.

  • documents (List[Document]) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Returns

List of IDs of the added texts.

Return type

List[str]

add_embeddings(texts: List[str], embeddings: List[List[float]], metadatas: List[dict], ids: List[str], **kwargs: Any) → None[source]
Parameters

  • texts (List[str]) –

  • embeddings (List[List[float]]) –

  • metadatas (List[dict]) –

  • ids (List[str]) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Return type

None

add_texts(texts: Iterable[str], metadatas: Optional[List[dict]] = None, ids: Optional[List[str]] = None, **kwargs: Any) → List[str][source]

Run more texts through the embeddings and add to the vectorstore.

Parameters

  • texts (Iterable[str]) – Iterable of strings to add to the vectorstore.

  • metadatas (Optional[List[dict]]) – Optional list of metadatas associated with the texts.

  • kwargs (Any) – vectorstore specific parameters

  • ids (Optional[List[str]]) –

Returns

List of ids from adding the texts into the vectorstore.

Return type

List[str]

async adelete(ids: Optional[List[str]] = None, **kwargs: Any) → Optional[bool]

Delete by vector ID or other criteria.

Parameters

  • ids (Optional[List[str]]) – List of ids to delete.

  • **kwargs (Any) – Other keyword arguments that subclasses might use.

Returns

True if deletion is successful, False otherwise, None if not implemented.

Return type

Optional[bool]

async classmethod afrom_documents(documents: List[Document], embedding: Embeddings, **kwargs: Any) → VST

Return VectorStore initialized from documents and embeddings.

Parameters
Return type

VST

async classmethod afrom_texts(texts: List[str], embedding: Embeddings, metadatas: Optional[List[dict]] = None, **kwargs: Any) → VST

Return VectorStore initialized from texts and embeddings.

Parameters

  • texts (List[str]) –

  • embedding (Embeddings) –

  • metadatas (Optional[List[dict]]) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Return type

VST

Return docs selected using the maximal marginal relevance.

Maximal marginal relevance optimizes for similarity to query AND diversity among selected documents.

Parameters

  • query (str) – Text to look up documents similar to.

  • k (int) – Number of Documents to return. Defaults to 4.

  • fetch_k (int) – Number of Documents to fetch to pass to MMR algorithm.

  • lambda_mult (float) – Number between 0 and 1 that determines the degree of diversity among the results with 0 corresponding to maximum diversity and 1 to minimum diversity. Defaults to 0.5.

  • kwargs (Any) –

Returns

List of Documents selected by maximal marginal relevance.

Return type

List[Document]

async amax_marginal_relevance_search_by_vector(embedding: List[float], k: int = 4, fetch_k: int = 20, lambda_mult: float = 0.5, **kwargs: Any) → List[Document]

Return docs selected using the maximal marginal relevance.

Parameters

  • embedding (List[float]) –

  • k (int) –

  • fetch_k (int) –

  • lambda_mult (float) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Return type

List[Document]

as_retriever(**kwargs: Any) → VectorStoreRetriever

Return VectorStoreRetriever initialized from this VectorStore.

Parameters

  • search_type (Optional[str]) – Defines the type of search that the Retriever should perform. Can be “similarity” (default), “mmr”, or “similarity_score_threshold”.

  • search_kwargs (Optional[Dict]) –

    Keyword arguments to pass to the search function. Can include things like:

    k: Amount of documents to return (Default: 4) score_threshold: Minimum relevance threshold

    for similarity_score_threshold

    fetch_k: Amount of documents to pass to MMR algorithm (Default: 20) lambda_mult: Diversity of results returned by MMR;

    1 for minimum diversity and 0 for maximum. (Default: 0.5)

    filter: Filter by document metadata

  • kwargs (Any) –

Returns

Retriever class for VectorStore.

Return type

VectorStoreRetriever

Examples:

# Retrieve more documents with higher diversity
# Useful if your dataset has many similar documents
docsearch.as_retriever(
    search_type="mmr",
    search_kwargs={'k': 6, 'lambda_mult': 0.25}
)

# Fetch more documents for the MMR algorithm to consider
# But only return the top 5
docsearch.as_retriever(
    search_type="mmr",
    search_kwargs={'k': 5, 'fetch_k': 50}
)

# Only retrieve documents that have a relevance score
# Above a certain threshold
docsearch.as_retriever(
    search_type="similarity_score_threshold",
    search_kwargs={'score_threshold': 0.8}
)

# Only get the single most similar document from the dataset
docsearch.as_retriever(search_kwargs={'k': 1})

# Use a filter to only retrieve documents from a specific paper
docsearch.as_retriever(
    search_kwargs={'filter': {'paper_title':'GPT-4 Technical Report'}}
)
async asearch(query: str, search_type: str, **kwargs: Any) → List[Document]

Return docs most similar to query using specified search type.

Parameters

  • query (str) –

  • search_type (str) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Return type

List[Document]

Return docs most similar to query.

Parameters

  • query (str) –

  • k (int) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Return type

List[Document]

async asimilarity_search_by_vector(embedding: List[float], k: int = 4, **kwargs: Any) → List[Document]

Return docs most similar to embedding vector.

Parameters

  • embedding (List[float]) –

  • k (int) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Return type

List[Document]

async asimilarity_search_with_relevance_scores(query: str, k: int = 4, **kwargs: Any) → List[Tuple[Document, float]]

Return docs and relevance scores in the range [0, 1], asynchronously.

0 is dissimilar, 1 is most similar.

Parameters

  • query (str) – input text

  • k (int) – Number of Documents to return. Defaults to 4.

  • **kwargs (Any) –

    kwargs to be passed to similarity search. Should include: score_threshold: Optional, a floating point value between 0 to 1 to

    filter the resulting set of retrieved docs

Returns

List of Tuples of (doc, similarity_score)

Return type

List[Tuple[Document, float]]

async asimilarity_search_with_score(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) → List[Tuple[Document, float]]

Run similarity search with distance asynchronously.

Parameters

  • args (Any) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Return type

List[Tuple[Document, float]]

connect() → Connection[source]
Return type

Connection

create_collection() → None[source]
Return type

None

create_hnsw_extension() → None[source]
Return type

None

create_hnsw_index(max_elements: int = 10000, dims: int = 1536, m: int = 8, ef_construction: int = 16, ef_search: int = 16) → None[source]
Parameters

  • max_elements (int) –

  • dims (int) –

  • m (int) –

  • ef_construction (int) –

  • ef_search (int) –

Return type

None

create_tables_if_not_exists() → None[source]
Return type

None

delete(ids: Optional[List[str]] = None, **kwargs: Any) → Optional[bool]

Delete by vector ID or other criteria.

Parameters

  • ids (Optional[List[str]]) – List of ids to delete.

  • **kwargs (Any) – Other keyword arguments that subclasses might use.

Returns

True if deletion is successful, False otherwise, None if not implemented.

Return type

Optional[bool]

delete_collection() → None[source]
Return type

None

drop_tables() → None[source]
Return type

None

classmethod from_documents(documents: List[Document], embedding: Embeddings, collection_name: str = 'langchain', ids: Optional[List[str]] = None, pre_delete_collection: bool = False, **kwargs: Any) → PGEmbedding[source]

Return VectorStore initialized from documents and embeddings.

Parameters

  • documents (List[Document]) –

  • embedding (Embeddings) –

  • collection_name (str) –

  • ids (Optional[List[str]]) –

  • pre_delete_collection (bool) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Return type

PGEmbedding

classmethod from_embeddings(text_embeddings: List[Tuple[str, List[float]]], embedding: Embeddings, metadatas: Optional[List[dict]] = None, collection_name: str = 'langchain', ids: Optional[List[str]] = None, pre_delete_collection: bool = False, **kwargs: Any) → PGEmbedding[source]
Parameters

  • text_embeddings (List[Tuple[str, List[float]]]) –

  • embedding (Embeddings) –

  • metadatas (Optional[List[dict]]) –

  • collection_name (str) –

  • ids (Optional[List[str]]) –

  • pre_delete_collection (bool) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Return type

PGEmbedding

classmethod from_existing_index(embedding: Embeddings, collection_name: str = 'langchain', pre_delete_collection: bool = False, **kwargs: Any) → PGEmbedding[source]
Parameters

  • embedding (Embeddings) –

  • collection_name (str) –

  • pre_delete_collection (bool) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Return type

PGEmbedding

classmethod from_texts(texts: List[str], embedding: Embeddings, metadatas: Optional[List[dict]] = None, collection_name: str = 'langchain', ids: Optional[List[str]] = None, pre_delete_collection: bool = False, **kwargs: Any) → PGEmbedding[source]

Return VectorStore initialized from texts and embeddings.

Parameters

  • texts (List[str]) –

  • embedding (Embeddings) –

  • metadatas (Optional[List[dict]]) –

  • collection_name (str) –

  • ids (Optional[List[str]]) –

  • pre_delete_collection (bool) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Return type

PGEmbedding

get_collection(session: Session) → Optional[CollectionStore][source]
Parameters

session (Session) –

Return type

Optional[CollectionStore]

classmethod get_connection_string(kwargs: Dict[str, Any]) → str[source]
Parameters

kwargs (Dict[str, Any]) –

Return type

str

Return docs selected using the maximal marginal relevance.

Maximal marginal relevance optimizes for similarity to query AND diversity among selected documents.

Parameters

  • query (str) – Text to look up documents similar to.

  • k (int) – Number of Documents to return. Defaults to 4.

  • fetch_k (int) – Number of Documents to fetch to pass to MMR algorithm.

  • lambda_mult (float) – Number between 0 and 1 that determines the degree of diversity among the results with 0 corresponding to maximum diversity and 1 to minimum diversity. Defaults to 0.5.

  • kwargs (Any) –

Returns

List of Documents selected by maximal marginal relevance.

Return type

List[Document]

max_marginal_relevance_search_by_vector(embedding: List[float], k: int = 4, fetch_k: int = 20, lambda_mult: float = 0.5, **kwargs: Any) → List[Document]

Return docs selected using the maximal marginal relevance.

Maximal marginal relevance optimizes for similarity to query AND diversity among selected documents.

Parameters

  • embedding (List[float]) – Embedding to look up documents similar to.

  • k (int) – Number of Documents to return. Defaults to 4.

  • fetch_k (int) – Number of Documents to fetch to pass to MMR algorithm.

  • lambda_mult (float) – Number between 0 and 1 that determines the degree of diversity among the results with 0 corresponding to maximum diversity and 1 to minimum diversity. Defaults to 0.5.

  • kwargs (Any) –

Returns

List of Documents selected by maximal marginal relevance.

Return type

List[Document]

search(query: str, search_type: str, **kwargs: Any) → List[Document]

Return docs most similar to query using specified search type.

Parameters

  • query (str) –

  • search_type (str) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Return type

List[Document]

Return docs most similar to query.

Parameters

  • query (str) –

  • k (int) –

  • filter (Optional[dict]) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Return type

List[Document]

similarity_search_by_vector(embedding: List[float], k: int = 4, filter: Optional[dict] = None, **kwargs: Any) → List[Document][source]

Return docs most similar to embedding vector.

Parameters

  • embedding (List[float]) – Embedding to look up documents similar to.

  • k (int) – Number of Documents to return. Defaults to 4.

  • filter (Optional[dict]) –

  • kwargs (Any) –

Returns

List of Documents most similar to the query vector.

Return type

List[Document]

similarity_search_with_relevance_scores(query: str, k: int = 4, **kwargs: Any) → List[Tuple[Document, float]]

Return docs and relevance scores in the range [0, 1].

0 is dissimilar, 1 is most similar.

Parameters

  • query (str) – input text

  • k (int) – Number of Documents to return. Defaults to 4.

  • **kwargs (Any) –

    kwargs to be passed to similarity search. Should include: score_threshold: Optional, a floating point value between 0 to 1 to

    filter the resulting set of retrieved docs

Returns

List of Tuples of (doc, similarity_score)

Return type

List[Tuple[Document, float]]

similarity_search_with_score(query: str, k: int = 4, filter: Optional[dict] = None) → List[Tuple[Document, float]][source]

Run similarity search with distance.

Parameters

  • query (str) –

  • k (int) –

  • filter (Optional[dict]) –

Return type

List[Tuple[Document, float]]

similarity_search_with_score_by_vector(embedding: List[float], k: int = 4, filter: Optional[dict] = None) → List[Tuple[Document, float]][source]
Parameters

  • embedding (List[float]) –

  • k (int) –

  • filter (Optional[dict]) –

Return type

List[Tuple[Document, float]]

Examples using PGEmbedding